Slice the 1 cup unsalted butter into pieces and melt it in a light-colored skillet over medium heat stirring or whisking constantly. Once melted, the butter will begin to foam.
Continue stirring/whisking for about 5-7 minutes, the butter will become a deep amber color. Remove the browned butter from the heat, and pour it into a bowl. Allow the butter to cool for 30 minutes.
In a large bowl add the browned butter, 1 cup brown sugar, and 1 /4 cup granulated white sugar. Whisk until there are no lumps of brown sugar.
Add the 4 egg yolks and 2 teaspoons vanilla extract. Whisk together until smooth. Fold in the 1 cup sourdough discard.
Stir in the 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon kosher salt, and 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon. Add the 3 cups rolled old fashioned oats and 2 cups bread flour and stir until just combined.
Gently fold in 1 ½ cups of your favorite mix-ins. See the list above for some ideas.
Wrap the dough in wax paper and refrigerate for at least 2-3 hours.
Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C). Remove the dough from the refrigerator and roll it into balls, about 2 tablespoons of dough each. The dough may be a bit crumbly but will become smoother as you roll it.
Place the dough balls on an ungreased cookie sheet leaving at least 2 inches in between each cookie. Flatten the balls slightly with your hand to help them spread.
Bake for 12 - 15 minutes or until the edges are lightly browned but the center is still soft. Allow the cookies to cool for at least 5 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack to cool completely.